CHAPTER06-QUIZ

Directions:
Select the BEST response alternative for each of the questions below.

	1.	What type of error is ontological?
		A)	Similarity.
		B)	Ambiguity.
		C)	Reality.
		D)	Language.
	2.	Which is NOT a type of sloppy language?
		A)	Weasel words.
		B)	Meaningless jargon.
		C)	Diversions.
		D)	Technobabble.
	3.	How is a weasel word special?
		A)	Its meaning is clear and concise.
		B)	A weasel word cannot be challenged.
		C)	It has more than one meaning.
	4.	Science fiction goes one step beyond which term?
		A)	Technobabble.
		B)	Analogies.
		C)	Reification.
	5.	Reification is a:
		A)	fallacy.
		B)	category Error.
		C)	analogy.
		D)	false Similarity.
	6.	Which type of analogy is based on a weak or irrelevant similarity?
		A)	Dangling analogy.
		B)	Regular analogy.
		C)	False Analogy.
		D)	True Analogy.
	7.	What is a category error that involves taking an abstraction, belief, or hypothetical construct, and treating it as if it were a concrete entity, something real?
		A)	Reification.
		B)	Reductionism.
		C)	Redaction.
		D)	False Reality.
	8.	A Fallacy of ________ involves using an unclear word or phrase.
		A)	Ambiguity
		B)	Uncertainty
		C)	Inconclusiveness
		D)	Incertitude
	9.	A false similarity claims that if two things are alike in one way:
		A)	they are also alike in a way in which they are not.
		B)	they are always more alike in similar categories.
		C)	it has no barring on how alike they are in another category.
		D)	All of the above.
	10.	The Fallacy of Division is the opposite of the Fallacy of:
		A)	Dangling Analogies.
		B)	Composition.
		C)	Core Knowledge Confusion.
		D)	Reification.
	11.	Applying an attribute of one type of reality to another is:
		A)	Ontology.
		B)	Reification.
		C)	Ontological Fusion.
		D)	Category error.
	12.	What is a weasel word?
		A)	A word with one/multiple meanings.
		B)	A word that vague.
		C)	A word with many applicable interpretations.
		D)	All of the above.
	13.	"Students are like horses. They learn best when subjected to strong discipline" is an example of a:
		A)	false analogy.
		B)	false similarity.
		C)	dangling analogy.
		D)	fallacy of composition.
	14.	What is technobabble?
		A)	Language that appears to be specialized and meaningful but in fact communicates nothing.
		B)	Incorporates scientific-sounding jargon in an extended argument.
		C)	What I hear when I call the RMU Help Desk.
		D)	When a person repeats the same technology word so often it stops sounding like a real word.
	15.	Words such as "some," "people in the know," "many," or "most" fall into the category of what type of sloppy language?
		A)	Weasel Words.
		B)	Meaningless Jargon.
		C)	Technobabble.
		D)	All of the above.
	16.	What is a fallacy of ambiguity?
		A)	Fairytale that includes characters and location.
		B)	Folktales that have been around for centuries.
		C)	Keyword or phrase with unclear/multiple meanings.
		D)	Keyword or phrase that includes a clear meaning in the claim.
	17.	What are the three examples of sloppy language given in the book?
		A)	Weasel words, meaningless jargon, technobabble.
		B)	Weasel words, indicator words, technobabble.
		C)	Meaningless jargon, analogies, category errors.
		D)	Technobabble, category errors, meaningless jargon.
	18.	A category error that involves taking an abstraction, belief, or hypothetical construct, and treating it as if it were a concrete entity, something real:
		A)	Core knowledge confusion.
		B)	Reductionism.
		C)	Reification.
		D)	Emergent properties.
	19.	Erroneously claims that what is true for component parts must by definition be true for the whole:
		A)	False Analogies.
		B)	Fallacy of Composition.
		C)	Ontological Fusion.
		D)	Fallacy of Division.
	20.	Reductionism is defined as:
		A)	applying an attribute of one type of reality to another.
		B)	various levels of analysis have their own theories and explanations.
		C)	based on a weak or irrelevant similarity.
		D)	an error of mistakenly applying explanations appropriate for one level of analysis to another.
	21.	Which of these is not an example of sloppy language?
		A)	Weasel words
		B)	Meaningless jargon
		C)	Baboon words
		D)	Technobabble
		E)	None of the above (all are examples of sloppy language).
	22.	When we turn something that is not a thing into a thing it is called:
		A)	Reification.
		B)	Category error.
		C)	Ontological fusion.
		D)	False analogy.
	23.	An analogy that is not explained or grounded in a solid logical argument is:
		A)	fallacy of composition.
		B)	usually not an error.
		C)	a dangling analogy.
		D)	a false analogy.
	24.	Examples of weasel words include:
		A)	Some, many, most...
		B)	It is claimed that... It is well known that...
		C)	Often, likely, commonly...
		D)	All the above.

Your score out of 100%: %

The correct answers are marked by a "C" in the box before each question. The incorrect questions are marked by an "X".